Prevalence and Factors Influencing the Transmission of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Patients Followed at the National Tuberculosis Control Program in N’Djamena, Chad

Prevalence and factors influencing the transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients followed at the National Tuberculosis Control Program (PNT) in N’Djamena at Chad. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by a bacillus called Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

This was a study prospective with analytical purposes carried out from December 2023 to January 2024 in patients of both sexes received at the laboratory of the PNT. The diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis was made by GeneXpert or Xpert.

Total of 453 patients were enrolled. Among them, 105 patients detected positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis by GeneXpert, either prevalence of 23.18%. The average age in this study was 28.26% years. The age groups from 22 years to 32 years and those from 33 years to 43 years were the most infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, either prevalence of 39% in these two age groups. Traders were more contaminated by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (39.41%). One hundred strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis had high sensitivity to Rifampicin, either prevalence of 22.05%, two strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis had low sensitivity to Rifampicin, either prevalence of 0.44%, and three strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were resistant to Rifampicin. Either prevalence of 0.66%. The factors influencing the circulation of the lung and its maintenance in this study were linked to the detection of a case of illness in the neighborhood (77.77%), within the family (100%), to tobacco consumption (20%) and alcohol (12.73%). Tuberculosis is far from being controlled by public health authorities.